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<rss version="2.0" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:trackback="http://madskills.com/public/xml/rss/module/trackback/" xmlns:wfw="http://wellformedweb.org/CommentAPI/" xmlns:slash="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/slash/"><channel><title>结构分析网站 - 结构之窗</title><link>http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/</link><description>欢迎您的访问，很荣幸与您交流、共同提高！ - </description><generator>RainbowSoft Studio Z-Blog 1.8 Arwen Build 81206</generator><language>zh-CN</language><copyright>Copyright 2006-2009 结构分析网站. Some Rights Reserved.var gaJsHost = ((&amp;quot;https:&amp;quot; == document.location.protocol) ? &amp;quot;https://ssl.&amp;quot; : &amp;quot;http://www.&amp;quot;);document.write(unescape(&amp;quot;%3Cscript src='&amp;quot; + gaJsHost + &amp;quot;google-analytics.com/ga.js' type='text/javascript'%3E%3C/script%3E&amp;quot;));try {var pageTracker = _gat._getTracker(&amp;quot;UA-8744079-1&amp;quot;);pageTracker._trackPageview();} catch(err) {}</copyright><pubDate>Sat, 04 Sep 2010 09:20:47 +0800</pubDate><item><title>同志们来开会吧</title><author>cuijiachun2000@yahoo.com.cn (cjc)</author><link>http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/post/53.html</link><pubDate>Thu, 17 Jun 2010 21:53:12 +0800</pubDate><guid>http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/post/53.html</guid><description><![CDATA[<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 24pt; line-height: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">国际壳体与空间结构协会（</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><font face="Times New Roman">IASS</font></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><font face="Times New Roman">2010</font></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年会议将于</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><font face="Times New Roman">11</font></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">月</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><font face="Times New Roman">8-12</font></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">日在上海举行，届时将有预计</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><font face="Times New Roman">400</font></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">名国内外专家与会，并做技术交流。同时会务组还为大家准备了辰山植物园铝合金温室群、世博经典场馆等国内近期经典空间结构技术参观，机会不容错过！</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 24pt; line-height: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">参会论文全文投递日期为</span><st1:chsdate w:st="on" isrocdate="False" islunardate="False" day="30" month="6" year="2010"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><font face="Times New Roman">6</font></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">月</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><font face="Times New Roman">30</font></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">日</span></st1:chsdate><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。向大家透露一下，之前没有投递摘要的朋友也可以直接投递全文（英文），但需要直接与会务组联系，因为网上设定只有投递摘要的用户才有机会投递全文。另外，有些朋友可能由于时间紧张无法在</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><font face="Times New Roman">6</font></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">月底完成全文翻译，建议大家不妨直接与会务组联系，或许可以宽限几天。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 24pt; line-height: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">毕竟是国际性会议，而且，还会举办与张拉整体（</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><font face="Times New Roman">Tensegrity</font></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）结构始祖</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><font face="Times New Roman">Snelson</font></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">教授的视频交流，所以机会难得，建议大家踊跃参加。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 24pt; line-height: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><font face="Times New Roman">IASS2010</font></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">官网</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><a href="http://www.iass2010.cn/"><font face="Times New Roman">http://www.iass2010.cn/</font></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>]]></description><category>结构之窗</category><comments>http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/post/53.html#comment</comments><wfw:comment>http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/</wfw:comment><wfw:commentRss>http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/feed.asp?cmt=53</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/cmd.asp?act=tb&amp;id=53&amp;key=1e829fb0</trackback:ping></item><item><title>在膜结构设计中设计院应该做什么</title><author>cuijiachun2000@yahoo.com.cn (cjc)</author><link>http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/post/52.html</link><pubDate>Fri, 19 Feb 2010 23:25:53 +0800</pubDate><guid>http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/post/52.html</guid><description><![CDATA[<p style="line-height: 125%; text-indent: 24pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class="MsoNormal"><span style="line-height: 125%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">因为节后要准备一些索膜结构方面的资料，所以这几天一直在思考这方面的问题。针对目前膜结构设计中的特殊性，想和大家聊聊一个最基本的问题：在膜结构设计中，设计院应该做什么？</span><span style="line-height: 125%; font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="line-height: 125%; text-indent: 24pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class="MsoNormal"><span style="line-height: 125%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在我遇到的一些项目中，设计院通常把膜结构的设计和分析工作全部委托给专业膜结构公司。究其原因可以概括为以下几点：一是出于无奈；相对而言，大家对索膜结构不是很熟悉，经验比较少，所以做起来有些吃力，没有办法，只得委托给专业膜结构公司。二是缺乏分析手段；现在设计人员的学历都很高，很多人在读书期间的研究方向是膜结构，所以对膜结构的计算分析并不是问题，特别是大设计院更是如此，但是缺少相应的分析工具是普遍存在的问题。记得</span><span style="line-height: 125%; font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">06</font></span><span style="line-height: 125%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年我问过上海交大的<st1:personname w:st="on" productid="陈务军">陈务军</st1:personname>老师，他讲国内没有一家设计院购买</span><span style="line-height: 125%; font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">EASY</font></span><span style="line-height: 125%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">软件。三是不愿意做。这是国内设计院普遍存在的现象，对于难、烦、特殊的项目，多数情况下都是分包给专业公司和高校，而给设计人员留出更多的时间去做经济效益更大的项目。即使是国内几个知名的设计院也是如此。</span><span style="line-height: 125%; font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="line-height: 125%; text-indent: 24pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class="MsoNormal"><span style="line-height: 125%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">有时候委托给专业膜结构公司也不失为一个可行的办法，但是存在一些潜在的问题。（</span><span style="line-height: 125%; font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1</font></span><span style="line-height: 125%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）膜结构公司基本上都是技术人员，而在建筑专业上偏弱，满足不了预定的设计意图；（</span><span style="line-height: 125%; font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">2</font></span><span style="line-height: 125%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）通常膜结构公司以施工为主业，设计水平明显低于设计院；（</span><span style="line-height: 125%; font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">3</font></span><span style="line-height: 125%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）大多数情况下膜结构公司以便于施工为目标，会降低工程的设计水平；（</span><span style="line-height: 125%; font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">4</font></span><span style="line-height: 125%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）设计院对膜结构设计和施工过程起不到控制作用，最终结构是否合理、施工是否满足设计要求无法进行有效的判别。</span><span style="line-height: 125%; font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="line-height: 125%; text-indent: 24pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class="MsoNormal"><span style="line-height: 125%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">所以对于大型膜结构，设计院不能把整个设计工作委托给膜结构公司，而应该做一些必要的工作。根据参与世博轴膜结构的计算分析经验，我觉得设计院可以在以下几个方面多做些工作。</span><span style="line-height: 125%; font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="line-height: 125%; text-indent: 24pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class="MsoNormal"><span style="line-height: 125%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">（</span><span style="line-height: 125%; font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1</font></span><span style="line-height: 125%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）根据建筑要求，提出设计目标；这个问题在工程中比较重要。建筑外形实际上是应该由建筑师提出的，而膜结构存在找形问题，所以建筑师往往要求结构工程师来定。但是找形又不是唯一的，不同的内力分布就会找到一个不同的建筑外形，不同的形状直接影响到建筑的效果。值得提出的是，不同的建筑外形可能直接影响到工程的经济性。因为有些形状比较难实现，可能需要较大的预应力，带来的问题就是使用更多的材料和施工技术上的难度。所以，合理的建筑外形应该是由结构工程师和建筑师合作反复推敲确定的。</span><span style="line-height: 125%; font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="line-height: 125%; text-indent: 24pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class="MsoNormal"><span style="line-height: 125%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">（</span><span style="line-height: 125%; font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">2</font></span><span style="line-height: 125%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）给出荷载、边界等设计条件，控制设计过程；设计是设计院的强项，所以对于复杂膜结构，荷载取值、边界条件等设计条件应该由设计院来定，特别是风荷载，可能荷载规范上查不到相关数据，膜结构公司相对经验比较少。合理确定风荷载取值，也是保证膜结构经济性的关键措施。</span><span style="line-height: 125%; font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="line-height: 125%; text-indent: 24pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class="MsoNormal"><span style="line-height: 125%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">（</span><span style="line-height: 125%; font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">3</font></span><span style="line-height: 125%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）给出力、位移等控制条件，控制设计目标；虽然我国有索结构和膜结构方面的规范和规程，但是相对而言，还不是很完善，对于一些特殊问题，比如膜片位移、拉索位移等具体问题，还需要设计人员查阅相关工程资料才能确定。这些细节，只能自己动手仔细研究，膜结构公司通常不会那么尽力。</span><span style="line-height: 125%; font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="line-height: 125%; text-indent: 24pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class="MsoNormal"><span style="line-height: 125%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">（</span><span style="line-height: 125%; font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">4</font></span><span style="line-height: 125%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）参与计算过程，采用不同的计算软件，并将计算结果与膜结构公司计算结果进行对比、校核；如果想了解和把握结构的受力性能，必须自己动手计算才行。现在的分析工具比较多，比如</span><span style="line-height: 125%; font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">EASY</font></span><span style="line-height: 125%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、</span><span style="line-height: 125%; font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">ANSYS</font></span><span style="line-height: 125%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、</span><span style="line-height: 125%; font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">3D3S</font></span><span style="line-height: 125%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">等，可以采用任何一款软件，将计算结果与膜结构公司的计算结果进行对比校核，这样才能保证计算结果的正确性。如果设计院确实没有计算能力，可以请第三方参与计算，毕竟，工程计算的正确性和合理性才是最关心的。这里与大家分享一下，世博轴膜结构是由</span><span style="line-height: 125%; font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">4</font></span><span style="line-height: 125%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">家计算单位分别采用</span><span style="line-height: 125%; font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">4</font></span><span style="line-height: 125%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">款不同的软件进行计算的。所以，关键的时候不要省不该省的钱。</span><span style="line-height: 125%; font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="line-height: 125%; text-indent: 24pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class="MsoNormal"><span style="line-height: 125%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">必须提醒大家，索膜结构的设计和施工必须紧密结合，不能把施工和设计分离考虑。因为施工的可能性和可实施性直接决定最终的设计结果和施工质量，所以设计中必须与膜结构公司加强联系，及时沟通。最好的办法是设计过程中让膜结构公司提前参与计算。这样膜结构公司专业人员可以及时提醒设计中的不合理之处，最重要的是设计人员可以随时请教膜结构专业人员。</span><span style="line-height: 125%; font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="line-height: 125%; text-indent: 24pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class="MsoNormal"><span style="line-height: 125%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">以上是一些个人看法，抛砖引玉，不对之处，尽可拍砖！</span><span style="line-height: 125%; font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>]]></description><category>结构之窗</category><comments>http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/post/52.html#comment</comments><wfw:comment>http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/</wfw:comment><wfw:commentRss>http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/feed.asp?cmt=52</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/cmd.asp?act=tb&amp;id=52&amp;key=a52b9f65</trackback:ping></item><item><title>需求为发明之母</title><author>cuijiachun2000@yahoo.com.cn (cjc)</author><link>http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/post/51.html</link><pubDate>Sun, 07 Feb 2010 22:05:29 +0800</pubDate><guid>http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/post/51.html</guid><description><![CDATA[<p style="line-height: 125%; text-indent: 24pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class="MsoNormal"><span style="line-height: 125%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">今年公司年夜饭抽奖抽到一部</span><span style="line-height: 125%; font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">MP5</font></span><span style="line-height: 125%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，所以就下载了一些电子书来看。在伊索寓言中看到一则名为&ldquo;乌鸦和瓮&rdquo;的故事，内容如下：</span><span style="line-height: 125%; font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="line-height: 125%; text-indent: 24pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class="MsoNormal"><span style="line-height: 125%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">&ldquo;一只快渴死的乌鸦，看见一个瓮，便很高兴地向他飞去。他到达的时候，发现瓮里的水很少，不能够喝到，他很伤心。他想尽各种方法喝水，但总是徒劳无功。最后，他尽力收集了许多石子，用他的嘴，将他们一块块地放到瓮中去，直到达到他喝到的地方，这才救了自己的性命。&rdquo;文章得到的结论是：需要为发明之母。</span><span style="line-height: 125%; font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="line-height: 125%; text-indent: 24pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class="MsoNormal"><span style="line-height: 125%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">其实，这个故事大家在小学课本上都学过的。这里我比较欣赏文章的结论：需要是发明之母。</span><span style="line-height: 125%; font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="line-height: 125%; text-indent: 24pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class="MsoNormal"><span style="line-height: 125%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">这几年国内在创新方面提的比较多，很多大型国有企业投入了大量的资金搞创新，评高新企业，我们土木行业也不例外。因为我本人正处于国有企业的科研部门，所以相对而言，比较关心这个话题。</span><span style="line-height: 125%; font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="line-height: 125%; text-indent: 24pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class="MsoNormal"><span style="line-height: 125%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">其实在五六年前，土木行业内部分国有企业已经在尝试做科研部门，但是后来结果却不是很理想，有的撤掉了、有些没撤掉也搞得半死不活，很少有成功的例子。</span><span style="line-height: 125%; font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="line-height: 125%; text-indent: 24pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class="MsoNormal"><span style="line-height: 125%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">我们行业的特点是实用性比较强，盖房子嘛，其实就是工匠一个，目的就是把东家需要的房子盖起来。但关键是，怎样能盖得漂亮、让东家更满意，我想这或许就应该是科研部门的关注点吧。所以，了解东家的需求，才是科研部门做研究、立课题的前提。</span><span style="line-height: 125%; font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="line-height: 125%; text-indent: 24pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class="MsoNormal"><span style="line-height: 125%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">但是现实中呢？大多科研部门与项目一线人员是分开的，做项目的做项目，搞科研的搞科研，两种工作相对较为独立。这样的结果就是科研人员在为课题而研究，而不是为了满足工程需求。最要命的是工程一线人员也不知道科研人员在做什么，不能把科研人员的优势和成果应用到工程中。实际上，目前所谓的科研成果可分为三类：第一类，研究与工程需求严重脱钩，在工程中根本没有应用的可能性，或者短时间内可能性比较小；第二类，所谓的研究成果在工程中早已应用，这种事情在高校和企业中出现的都比较多。第三类，研究成果可应用于实际工程，而且可以创造很好的价值。目前的形式是，第一、二类情况出现的比较多，第三种情况有，但是相对比较少。</span><span style="line-height: 125%; font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="line-height: 125%; text-indent: 24pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class="MsoNormal"><span style="line-height: 125%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">所以，在这里我想提醒一下大家（包括我自己），做科研也好、创新也好，基本的功课应该是仔细研究工程中的实际需求，以需求为导向、为根本进行研究才是创新的出路所在。否则，只会白白浪费精力和时间，直到像那只乌鸦一样快渴死的时候，被逼着才能找到正确的方向。</span><span style="line-height: 125%; font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p>&nbsp;</p>]]></description><category>结构之窗</category><comments>http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/post/51.html#comment</comments><wfw:comment>http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/</wfw:comment><wfw:commentRss>http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/feed.asp?cmt=51</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/cmd.asp?act=tb&amp;id=51&amp;key=afc38bda</trackback:ping></item><item><title>关于索结构——（2）分析零状态和施工零状态</title><author>cuijiachun2000@yahoo.com.cn (cjc)</author><link>http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/post/49.html</link><pubDate>Mon, 30 Nov 2009 07:49:21 +0800</pubDate><guid>http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/post/49.html</guid><description><![CDATA[<p style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 24pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class="MsoNormal"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">上一篇博文中我提到了零状态，大家注意的话，会发现后来我提到了&ldquo;分析零状态&rdquo;。这是因为我觉得索结构分析、设计、施工过程中，可能会提到两个&ldquo;零状态&rdquo;。而这两个&ldquo;零状态&rdquo;又完全不是一个概念，所以，这里想就这个问题再与大家深入讨论一下。</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 24pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class="MsoNormal"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">上一篇博文已经讲过，在结构找形分析之前，会建立一个用于找形分析的初始几何模型，这里不妨称其为&ldquo;分析零状态&rdquo;。这个&ldquo;零状态&rdquo;模型只是一种简单的拓扑关系，在其基础上给拉索一定的初始条件，利用非线性有限元法，可以得到平衡的&ldquo;预应力状态&rdquo;。这个零状态是利用软件分析时的起步状态，它没有任何实际的工程意义，只是我们利用它来得到平衡态的一种手段。</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 24pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class="MsoNormal"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">然后施工过程中，也有一种&ldquo;零状态&rdquo;，这里我们不妨称其为&ldquo;施工零状态&rdquo;。这是设计完成后，施工单位根据设计院提供的几何拓扑关系（预应力态），简单地把各构件连接起来而得到的一种状态。此时，虽然绝大部分构件都被连接起来，但是拉索的预应力并没有完全实现，因为还没有开始张拉。待张拉完毕，拉索的预应力达到设计值后，就得到了预应力状态。</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 24pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class="MsoNormal"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">可以看到下面的关系：</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: -36pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 60pt; mso-char-indent-count: 0; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1" class="MsoListParagraph"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-fareast" lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-list: Ignore"><font face="Calibri">（1）</font><span style="font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">分析零状态</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast">&rarr;计算&rarr;预应力状态；<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: -36pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 60pt; mso-char-indent-count: 0; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1" class="MsoListParagraph"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-fareast" lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-list: Ignore"><font face="Calibri">（2）</font><span style="font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">施工零状态</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast">&rarr;张拉&rarr;预应力状态；<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 24pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class="MsoNormal"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">分析零状态和施工零状态最终都是得到了预应力状态，但是他们两个却是完全不同的两个概念。</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 24pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class="MsoNormal"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">分析零状态在上一篇博文中已经讨论过，就不详细讨论了，这里说说施工零状态是怎么来的。设计院设计完整后，给施工单位的资料有：拓扑关系、预应力具体数值。这些数据通常都是预应力平衡状态下的结果。也就是说，索长和预应力大小是拉索拉紧状态下的数据。施工单位会根据这些数据，反算拉索松弛状态下的长度，也就是下料长度。然后将下料长度的索运至施工现场进行施工。利用下料长度的索，按照设计院提供的拓扑关系，拼装起来的结构就是施工零状态。</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 24pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class="MsoNormal"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">其实，施工零状态是很难用软件计算出来的，除非是比较简单的结构体系。因为很有可能有些拉索在张拉之前，处于极度松弛状态，就像一根绳子堆在地上一样，这种状态是没法用有限元方法计算的。不过，有一种理论叫&ldquo;机构位移理论&rdquo;，据说可以较为准确地算出索结构的施工零状态，记得同济大学的钱若军老师利用这种理论算过佛山世纪莲体育场的施工张拉过程。感兴趣的朋友可以找钱老师讨论讨论。</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 24pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class="MsoNormal"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">所以，分析零状态只是一种处理手法，没有实际工程意义；而施工零状态是施工张拉前的结构状态，具有实际工程意义。</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>]]></description><category>结构之窗</category><comments>http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/post/49.html#comment</comments><wfw:comment>http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/</wfw:comment><wfw:commentRss>http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/feed.asp?cmt=49</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/cmd.asp?act=tb&amp;id=49&amp;key=c178450f</trackback:ping></item><item><title>关于索结构——（1）预应力和三种受力状态</title><author>cuijiachun2000@yahoo.com.cn (cjc)</author><link>http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/post/48.html</link><pubDate>Sun, 29 Nov 2009 15:33:29 +0800</pubDate><guid>http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/post/48.html</guid><description><![CDATA[<p style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 24pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class="MsoNormal"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">徐珂兄在其博客&ldquo;</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US"><a href="http://www.jiegoublog.cn/post/155.html"><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin" lang="EN-US"><span lang="EN-US">带座位的体育馆工程设计记录（</span></span><font face="Calibri">08</font><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin" lang="EN-US"><span lang="EN-US">）</span></span><span lang="EN-US"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri"> </font></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin" lang="EN-US"><span lang="EN-US">索单元初始张拉力与索内力</span></span></a></span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">&rdquo;中提出了关于拉索初始预拉力的疑问，并在本网站</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US"><a href="http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/guestbook.asp#cmt181"><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin" lang="EN-US"><span lang="EN-US">留言</span></span></a></span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">，约本人一起参与讨论。这是一个很好的话题，其实也是很多同行在实际工程设计中比较容易弄糊涂的一个问题。借此机会，顺便谈谈我的一点个人拙见，供大家参考。</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 24pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class="MsoNormal"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">索结构（或者有拉索的结构）不同于常规结构的地方就是拉索初始预应力对结构整体的刚度贡献。拉索是整体结构中的一根构件，其对结构整体刚度的贡献分为两部分：一是其材料刚度；二是几何刚度；其中，材料刚度像铰接杆件一样，是由于其横截面和材料刚度而产生的，只是由于索的材料比较柔，所以其材料刚度非常小，所以实际分析与设计中是可以忽略不计的。几何刚度是由于拉索中预应力对结构产生的刚度贡献，平常我们讲索对结构的刚度贡献通常就是指这部分刚度。索结构、张弦梁、弦之穹顶等结构体系正是充分利用拉索几何刚度对结构整体刚度的贡献。</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 24pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class="MsoNormal"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">那么在实际结构分析中，索的几何刚度怎样实现呢？这里我们不妨给出索结构分析中的三种状态：零状态、预应力状态、荷载状态。这里我不想采用常见专业论文中的术语来描述，那样太容易把大家搅糊涂，所以下面采用我自己的&ldquo;普通话&rdquo;来与大家交流。个人认为：（</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">1</font></span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">）零状态就是受力分析时刚建好的模型，在此基础上我们可以得到结构的真实构件布置和受力状态；（</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">2</font></span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">）预应力状态就是结构受外荷载之前的真实状态；这里有一些不同观点，有人认为是对索施加预应力，受力平衡之后的状态。我个人认为应该是平衡预应力之后，并考虑结构自重（甚至是恒载）的状态。（</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">3</font></span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">）荷载状态是在预应力状态的基础上，结构承受外荷载的状态。这三个状态之间的关系为：零状态是找到预应力态的基础和手段；预应力态是荷载态的基础，结构必须在预应力态上才能施加外荷载。</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 24pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class="MsoNormal"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">这里我想多讨论一下零状态和预应力态的实际用途和意义。（</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">1</font></span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">）零状态是实际工程设计和施工过程中不存在的一种状态。它只是我们为了得到预应力状态而假定，与预应力状态较为接近的一种拓扑关系。我们的目的是利用它找到预应力状态和预应力分布。所以说，它只是一种处理手法。同一个项目，不同的人计算，就可以利用不同的零状态，但是都可以得到几乎相同的目标&mdash;&mdash;预应力状态。（</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">2</font></span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">）预应力状态是具有实际意义的，它是我们设计的目标，也可以讲是建筑师给结构工程师的要求、任务。建筑施工刚完毕之后，大家看到的就是预应力状态。这个时候拉索是绷紧的，<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="color: #c0504d; mso-themecolor: accent2">此时的索力就叫做拉索的预应力</span></u></b>。这个状态结构是稳定的、平衡的，在此基础上施加一定的荷载之后，结构的变形一般也不会太大，和常规结构几乎没有什么不同。</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 24pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class="MsoNormal"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">大家看到，上文中我叫预应力状态下的索力为&ldquo;拉索的预应力&rdquo;。这就讲到了徐珂兄所讨论的问题。</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 24pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class="MsoNormal"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">在结构分析中，怎样让拉索起到提供刚度的作用，或者讲怎样得到拉索的预应力大小和分布。这就是从&ldquo;分析零状态&rdquo;到&ldquo;预应力状态&rdquo;这个过程所干的事。通常，在软件中我们先建立零状态计算模型，并给拉索一个初始条件，然后利用非线性有限元法，让软件计算并得到一个平衡的结果。这就是找形过程的简单描述。其中拉索的初始条件，可以有不同的处理方法，本网站文章&ldquo;</span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US"><a href="http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/post/18.html"><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin" lang="EN-US"><span lang="EN-US">预应力在软件中的不同施加方法</span></span></a></span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">&rdquo;讨论了常用的三种方法，分别为</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">降温法、初始应变法和施加初始轴力法，大家可以看一下，这里就不详细讨论。<o:p></o:p>其中初始轴力法就是徐珂兄采用的方法。</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 24pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class="MsoNormal"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">可以看出，零状态对应的是&ldquo;初始轴力&rdquo;，而预应力态对应的才是&ldquo;预拉力&rdquo;，这是完全不同的两个概念，其中&ldquo;初始轴力&rdquo;只是一种处理手法，并没有实际意义；而&ldquo;预拉力&rdquo;则是具有工程意义的，是设计院提供给施工单位的张拉目标。拿徐珂兄的工程来讲，</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">4500</font></span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">则是初始轴力，而</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">3090</font></span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">才是真正的拉索预拉力。找形完成之后，</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">4500</font></span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">就没有用途了，可以忘记这个数字。</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 24pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class="MsoNormal"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">为什么会出现这个问题呢，我觉得这可能是大家采用</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">MIDAS</font></span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">这款软件导致的，这个软件是采用初始轴力的方式施加预应力，而且初始轴力这个数值&ldquo;赫然&rdquo;显示在软件界面左边的列表上，以至于大家忽视了预应力的真正概念，混淆了&ldquo;手段&rdquo;和&ldquo;结果&rdquo;。</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 12pt" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>]]></description><category>结构之窗</category><comments>http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/post/48.html#comment</comments><wfw:comment>http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/</wfw:comment><wfw:commentRss>http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/feed.asp?cmt=48</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/cmd.asp?act=tb&amp;id=48&amp;key=94275d39</trackback:ping></item><item><title>工程图片分享-西班牙瓦伦西亚火车站</title><author>cuijiachun2000@yahoo.com.cn (cjc)</author><link>http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/post/45.html</link><pubDate>Fri, 23 Oct 2009 14:14:55 +0800</pubDate><guid>http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/post/45.html</guid><description><![CDATA[<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 24pt; line-height: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">瓦伦西亚火车站是当地的著名景点之一，紧靠当地最大的斗牛场。由于当地人口不多，所以火车站并不像国内的那样大，列车班次也相对较少。瓦伦西亚火车站的入口、候车室、站台三部分直线式连为一体，而且全部为敞开式，游客不用买票既可以进入参观。由于旅客不多，所以候车室并不拥挤，相对而言人们显得更为悠闲，室内环境和空气也很好。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center" align="center"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt"><v:shapetype id="_x0000_t75" stroked="f" filled="f" path="m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe" o:preferrelative="t" o:spt="75" coordsize="21600,21600"><v:stroke joinstyle="miter"></v:stroke><v:formulas><v:f eqn="if lineDrawn pixelLineWidth 0"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum @0 1 0"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum 0 0 @1"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @2 1 2"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelWidth"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelHeight"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum @0 0 1"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @6 1 2"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelWidth"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum @8 21600 0"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelHeight"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum @10 21600 0"></v:f></v:formulas><v:path o:connecttype="rect" gradientshapeok="t" o:extrusionok="f"></v:path><o:lock aspectratio="t" v:ext="edit"></o:lock></v:shapetype><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center" align="center"><img title="" alt="" src="http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/upload/WTRAIN-01.jpg" onload="ResizeImage(this,520)" />&nbsp;</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center" align="center"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">火车站主入口</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">欧洲的建筑大都是这样古典派，而且保持的非常干净。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center" align="center"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center" align="center">&nbsp;<img title="" alt="" src="http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/upload/WTRAIN-02.jpg" onload="ResizeImage(this,520)" /></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center" align="center"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">火车站主入口</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center" align="center"><img title="" alt="" src="http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/upload/WTRAIN-03.jpg" onload="ResizeImage(this,520)" />&nbsp;</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center" align="center"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center" align="center"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">候车大厅</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">这是候车大厅的全貌，可以看到，候车的人不是很多，而且其中有些人像我一样只是游客，并不是真正候车的。虽然候车室仅为一层，但是感觉却非常的宽敞明亮。旁边也有小卖铺，不过卖的都是衣服、明信片等物品，没有食品，更没有人在里面吃东西。不用买票，就可以直接进入候车大厅，一直可以走到站台上。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center" align="center"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center" align="center"><img title="" alt="" src="http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/upload/WTRAIN-04.jpg" onload="ResizeImage(this,520)" />&nbsp;</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center" align="center"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">列车时刻表</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center" align="center"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center" align="center">&nbsp;<img title="" alt="" src="http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/upload/WTRAIN-05.jpg" onload="ResizeImage(this,520)" /></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center" align="center"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">屋面结构布置</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">整个结构为跨度方向拱形桁架和长度方向桁架构成，均为平面桁架。数了一下，长度方向桁架数量为</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt"><font face="Times New Roman">11</font></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">个。可能是因为建造年代比较早，构造上大量采用了铆钉连接。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center" align="center"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center" align="center"><img title="" alt="" src="http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/upload/WTRAIN-06.jpg" onload="ResizeImage(this,520)" />&nbsp;</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center" align="center"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">宽度方向桁架一端</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center" align="center"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center" align="center"><img title="" alt="" src="http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/upload/WTRAIN-07.jpg" onload="ResizeImage(this,520)" />&nbsp;</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center" align="center"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">屋面两个方向桁架连接节点</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center" align="center"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center" align="center"><img title="" alt="" src="http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/upload/WTRAIN-08.jpg" onload="ResizeImage(this,520)" />&nbsp;</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center" align="center"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">细部构造</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center" align="center"><img title="" alt="" src="http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/upload/WTRAIN-09.jpg" onload="ResizeImage(this,520)" />&nbsp;</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center" align="center"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center" align="center"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">细部构造</span></p>]]></description><category>结构之窗</category><comments>http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/post/45.html#comment</comments><wfw:comment>http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/</wfw:comment><wfw:commentRss>http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/feed.asp?cmt=45</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/cmd.asp?act=tb&amp;id=45&amp;key=0a267c21</trackback:ping></item><item><title>工程图片分享-西班牙瓦伦西亚某斗牛场</title><author>cuijiachun2000@yahoo.com.cn (cjc)</author><link>http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/post/44.html</link><pubDate>Mon, 19 Oct 2009 12:33:59 +0800</pubDate><guid>http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/post/44.html</guid><description><![CDATA[<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 24pt; line-height: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">西班牙瓦伦西亚某斗牛场</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 24pt; line-height: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">这是一个老建筑改造的例子，原来的斗牛场没有屋盖，而且建造时间比较长。后来在原有结构基础上，增加了屋面体系，而下部结构，包括原来的围墙等有些作为历史的痕迹被保存了下来。所以这个结构远观是一座钢结构体系，而走进去却发现下部是石材结构。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 24pt; line-height: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">这个结构的设计师是日本的川口卫！</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt"><v:shapetype id="_x0000_t75" coordsize="21600,21600" o:spt="75" o:preferrelative="t" path="m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe" filled="f" stroked="f"><v:stroke joinstyle="miter"></v:stroke><v:formulas><v:f eqn="if lineDrawn pixelLineWidth 0"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum @0 1 0"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum 0 0 @1"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @2 1 2"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelWidth"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelHeight"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum @0 0 1"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @6 1 2"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelWidth"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum @8 21600 0"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelHeight"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum @10 21600 0"></v:f></v:formulas><v:path o:extrusionok="f" gradientshapeok="t" o:connecttype="rect"></v:path><o:lock v:ext="edit" aspectratio="t"></o:lock></v:shapetype><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center" align="center"><img title="" alt="" src="http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/upload/doun01.jpg" onload="ResizeImage(this,520)" />&nbsp;</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center" align="center"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">结构远景</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center" align="center">&nbsp;<img title="" alt="" src="http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/upload/doun02.jpg" onload="ResizeImage(this,520)" /></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center" align="center"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">内部看台和中心场地</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center" align="center">&nbsp;<img title="" alt="" src="http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/upload/doun03.jpg" onload="ResizeImage(this,520)" /></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center" align="center"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center" align="center"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">屋面结构布置</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center" align="center">&nbsp;<img title="" alt="" src="http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/upload/doun04.jpg" onload="ResizeImage(this,520)" /></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center" align="center"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center" align="center"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">竖杆与弦杆的连接</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center" align="center">&nbsp;<img title="" alt="" src="http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/upload/doun05.jpg" onload="ResizeImage(this,520)" /></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center" align="center"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">内环结构布置</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center" align="center">&nbsp;<img title="" alt="" src="http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/upload/doun06.jpg" onload="ResizeImage(this,520)" /></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center" align="center"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">屋面与立柱的连接（注意柱子尺寸）</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center" align="center">&nbsp;<img title="" alt="" src="http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/upload/doun07.jpg" onload="ResizeImage(this,520)" /></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center" align="center"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center" align="center"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">这些石材结构作为历史见证被保存了先来</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center" align="center"><img title="" alt="" src="http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/upload/doun08.jpg" onload="ResizeImage(this,520)" />&nbsp;</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center" align="center"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center" align="center"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">屋面外挑部分</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center" align="center"><img title="" alt="" src="http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/upload/doun09.jpg" onload="ResizeImage(this,520)" />&nbsp;</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center" align="center"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">结构建造过程图片展</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center" align="center">&nbsp;<img title="" alt="" src="http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/upload/doun10.jpg" onload="ResizeImage(this,520)" /></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center" align="center"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">日本的川口卫先生现场讲解</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 24pt; line-height: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">这座斗牛场的屋面体系是一个张力结构，而且其施工方案采用的是顶升法，好像国内对这种施工方法所做的研究也较多。不像国内采用的是拉索，这座结构采用的是两根矩形构件所构成的一组拉杆，结构中使用了大量的铆钉连接。而且，整个屋面体系看起来较为单薄，因为感觉当地的风也不小，不知道他们是怎么解决风荷载影响的！</span></p>]]></description><category>结构之窗</category><comments>http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/post/44.html#comment</comments><wfw:comment>http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/</wfw:comment><wfw:commentRss>http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/feed.asp?cmt=44</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/cmd.asp?act=tb&amp;id=44&amp;key=edeb46b8</trackback:ping></item><item><title>IASS介绍</title><author>cuijiachun2000@yahoo.com.cn (cjc)</author><link>http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/post/43.html</link><pubDate>Sun, 18 Oct 2009 13:32:28 +0800</pubDate><guid>http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/post/43.html</guid><description><![CDATA[<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 24pt; line-height: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Verdana">IASS</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Verdana">International Association for Shell and Spatial Structures</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">的简写，中文译名为&ldquo;国际壳体与空间结构协会&rdquo;。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Verdana"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 24pt; line-height: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">国际壳体与空间结构协会由</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Verdana">Eduardo Torroja</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">发起于</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Verdana">1959</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">年。此协会的目的是通过学术交流获得轻型、空间结构领域的发展趋势和方向，包括网格结构、张力结构、膜结构和壳体结构等。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Verdana">IASS</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">的活动包括每年出版三次学术期刊、举行年会和平时的座谈会等等。协会内部，根据不同的研究方向，划分为不同的工作组（</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Verdana">Working Group</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">）。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Verdana"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 24pt; line-height: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">早期此协会的名字为</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Verdana">International Association for Shell Structures</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">，在</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Verdana">1971</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">年改名为</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Verdana">International Association for Shell and Spatial Structures</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Verdana"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 24pt; line-height: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">这与空间结构领域的发展是紧密相关的，因为早期空间结构体系的代表为混凝土薄壳结构，早期空间结构相关理论也集中于对混凝土薄壳结构的研究和探讨。随着</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Verdana">60</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">年代末各种空间结构体系的发展，特别是网壳结构、悬索屋面结构、索网结构，膜结构等，壳体结构已经不能担当空间结构的代表角色，所以将名称更改为&ldquo;壳体与空间结构&rdquo;更为恰当，一方面保持了历史的延续性，另一方面也能对空间结构做全面的概括，反映了新型结构与空间结构的发展趋势。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Verdana"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 24pt; line-height: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">在本次会议上，相关专家提出了向&ldquo;</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Verdana">Association of Light Weight Structures</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">&rdquo;转变的趋势。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Verdana"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 24pt; line-height: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">第一届</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Verdana">IASS</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">研讨会于</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Verdana">1959</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">年在马德里召开，现每年召开一次；其中</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Verdana">2006</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">年在北京召开；</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Verdana">2010</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">年将在上海召开，举办单位为同济大学和上海现代建筑设计（集团）有限公司。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Verdana"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 24pt; line-height: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">本届</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Verdana">IASS</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">会议在西班牙瓦伦西亚举行，由于今年是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Verdana">IASS</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">成立</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Verdana">50</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">周年，所以本次会议的议题为：</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Verdana">Evolution and trends in designs, analysis and construction of shell and spatial structures</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">（壳体与空间结构设计、分析、施工的发展和趋势）</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Verdana">.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 24pt; line-height: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">参加本届会议的人数约</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Verdana">400</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">人，其中中国代表约</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Verdana">40</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">人，占总人数的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Verdana">1/10.</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">其中与会的中方单位有：同济大学、北京工业大学、上海交通大学、浙江大学、兰州理工大学、上海现代建筑设计</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Verdana">(</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">集团</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Verdana">)</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">有限公司、中国建筑标准设计研究院等、西南建筑设计研究院等。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Verdana"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 24pt; line-height: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">本届会议总收录专业论文</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Verdana">277</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana">篇，内容涵盖了：混凝土薄壳结构、网壳结构、索结构、膜结构、木结构等空间结构的设计、分析、计算、施工等领域。</span></p>]]></description><category>结构之窗</category><comments>http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/post/43.html#comment</comments><wfw:comment>http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/</wfw:comment><wfw:commentRss>http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/feed.asp?cmt=43</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/cmd.asp?act=tb&amp;id=43&amp;key=ba79fa7a</trackback:ping></item><item><title>期待一场精彩的报告</title><author>cuijiachun2000@yahoo.com.cn (cjc)</author><link>http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/post/41.html</link><pubDate>Thu, 27 Aug 2009 20:35:32 +0800</pubDate><guid>http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/post/41.html</guid><description><![CDATA[<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 24pt; line-height: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">今天坐火车来到了山东泰安，参加&ldquo;《空间结构》杂志十五周年学术研讨会&rdquo;，这是由浙江大学《空间结构》杂志主办的。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 24pt; line-height: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">看了一下会议指南，主要的学术报告有：</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 24pt; line-height: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">董石麟：空间结构发展历史、创新、形式分类与实践应用；</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 24pt; line-height: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">张</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">悦：曲阜孔子研究院与泰山博物馆建筑设计理念；</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 24pt; line-height: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">范立础：空间结构在中国大跨桥梁中的应用；</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 24pt; line-height: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">钱七虎：地下空间的开发利用和发展方向；</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 24pt; line-height: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">郑</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">健：空间结构在大型铁路站房中的创新应用；</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 24pt; line-height: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">傅学怡：空间结构理念在高层建筑中的应用与发展；</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 24pt; line-height: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">汪大绥：上海世博会世博轴索膜顶棚及阳光谷等结构创新设计；</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 24pt; line-height: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">藤锦光：</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%">FRP</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">在空间结构中的应用前景；</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 24pt; line-height: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">马克俭：空间网格式框架结构在大开间多高层节能住宅建筑中的研究与应用；</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 24pt; line-height: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">聂建国：大跨度钢</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%">-</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">混凝土空间组合结构的研究与应用；</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 24pt; line-height: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">周观根：空间结构中的创新施工方法。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 24pt; line-height: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">可以看到，虽然《空间结构》是一本空间建筑结构方面的期刊，但是这次会议所涉及的讨论主题却是很广，涵盖了建筑结构、桥梁结构、地下空间结构、施工等方向。而且，这次会议所邀请的报告主讲人级别也很高，包括几位院士、大师。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 24pt; line-height: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">所以，希望今后的几天中，能听到与主讲人级别一样高的报告，更希望能聆听到空间结构方面的前沿分析、设计方法。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><o:p></o:p></span></p>]]></description><category>结构之窗</category><comments>http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/post/41.html#comment</comments><wfw:comment>http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/</wfw:comment><wfw:commentRss>http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/feed.asp?cmt=41</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/cmd.asp?act=tb&amp;id=41&amp;key=98072d12</trackback:ping></item><item><title>2009年8月18日世博现场参观</title><author>cuijiachun2000@yahoo.com.cn (cjc)</author><link>http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/post/40.html</link><pubDate>Tue, 18 Aug 2009 20:50:43 +0800</pubDate><guid>http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/post/40.html</guid><description><![CDATA[<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 24pt; line-height: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">今天去了上海世博会施工现场，简单地参观了一下已建的几个场馆。这也是本人第三次参观世博现场，不过前两次主要是参观世博轴。下面把今天拍摄的一些照片拿出来和大家分享。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: 150%"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><font face="Times New Roman">1 </font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">日本馆</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 24pt; line-height: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">日本馆也是我们参与计算的一个项目，不过是一个同事计算的，所以大家相对比较感兴趣，下车拍了几张照片。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: 150%"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><v:shapetype id="_x0000_t75" stroked="f" filled="f" path="m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe" o:preferrelative="t" o:spt="75" coordsize="21600,21600"><v:stroke joinstyle="miter"></v:stroke><v:formulas><v:f eqn="if lineDrawn pixelLineWidth 0"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum @0 1 0"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum 0 0 @1"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @2 1 2"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelWidth"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelHeight"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum @0 0 1"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @6 1 2"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelWidth"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum @8 21600 0"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelHeight"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum @10 21600 0"></v:f></v:formulas><v:path o:connecttype="rect" gradientshapeok="t" o:extrusionok="f"></v:path><o:lock aspectratio="t" v:ext="edit"></o:lock></v:shapetype><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: 150%; text-align: center" align="center">&nbsp;<img title="" alt="" src="http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/upload/0818-jp-1.jpg" onload="ResizeImage(this,520)" /></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: 150%; text-align: center" align="center"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">图</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><font face="Times New Roman">1 </font></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">施工现场</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: 150%; text-align: center" align="center"><img title="" alt="" src="http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/upload/0818-jp-2.jpg" onload="ResizeImage(this,520)" />&nbsp;</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: 150%"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: 150%; text-align: center" align="center"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">图</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><font face="Times New Roman">2 </font></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">一个弧形门</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 24pt; line-height: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">由于结构体量比较小，而构件长度取得又不能太短，所以看起来弧形效果不是很理想，折线较为明显。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: 150%"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: 150%; text-align: center" align="center"><img title="" alt="" src="http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/upload/0818-jp-3.jpg" onload="ResizeImage(this,520)" />&nbsp;</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: 150%; text-align: center" align="center"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">图</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><font face="Times New Roman">3 </font></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">小型的阳光谷</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 24pt; line-height: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">同事叫这个部分为&ldquo;小型阳光谷&rdquo;，原因是这部分结构在构件布置上与阳光谷有些相似之处。现在似乎比较流行&ldquo;阳光谷&rdquo;结构，好像已经听到好几个项目里面有了。不过，个人认为这些工程不是在抄世博轴，而是模仿&ldquo;阳光谷&rdquo;原型&mdash;&mdash;米兰展览中心。我同事看出来杆件端部焊接处折线较为明显，施工偏差？谁知道呢！</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: 150%"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><font face="Times New Roman">2 </font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">演艺中心</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 24pt; line-height: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">演艺中心是华东建筑设计研究院的原创作品，据说是模拟一个&ldquo;飞碟&rdquo;。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: 150%"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: 150%; text-align: center" align="center"><img title="" alt="" src="http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/upload/0818-yy-1.jpg" onload="ResizeImage(this,520)" />&nbsp;</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: 150%; text-align: center" align="center"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">图</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><font face="Times New Roman">1 </font></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">飞碟一角</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: 150%; text-align: center" align="center"><img title="" alt="" src="http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/upload/0818-yy-2.jpg" onload="ResizeImage(this,520)" />&nbsp;</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: 150%"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: 150%; text-align: center" align="center"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">图</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><font face="Times New Roman">2 </font></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">室内自然采光（是不是跟电影里面飞碟底部的探照灯很像？）</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: 150%"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: 150%; text-align: center" align="center">&nbsp;<img title="" alt="" src="http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/upload/0818-yy-3.jpg" onload="ResizeImage(this,520)" /></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: 150%; text-align: center" align="center"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">图</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><font face="Times New Roman">3 </font></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">屋面构造</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 24pt; line-height: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">网上查了一下，世博演艺中心最大直径约</span><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="False" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="200" unitname="m"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><font face="Times New Roman">200m</font></span></st1:chmetcnv><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，像这么大的空间结构，其实可以利用张力结构的优点，采用索穹顶或弦支穹顶也未尝不可。钢结构硬做的话可能会比较吃力。不过听说这个项目当时设计工期特别短，加班加点才赶完的，想必设计人员也没有时间想更新型的结构体系。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: 150%"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><font face="Times New Roman">3 </font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">世博轴</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 24pt; line-height: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">世博轴就不用介绍了，前面已经写了很多这方面的文章。现在世博轴阳光谷钢结构主体部分已经全部完成，索膜结构也完成大概</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><font face="Times New Roman">5/6</font></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">了，估计很快就会接近尾声。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: 150%"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: 150%; text-align: center" align="center"><img title="" alt="" src="http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/upload/0818-sbz-1.jpg" onload="ResizeImage(this,520)" />&nbsp;</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: 150%; text-align: center" align="center"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">图</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><font face="Times New Roman">1 </font></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">施工完成部分，膜结构效果还不错</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: 150%; text-align: center" align="center"><img title="" alt="" src="http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/upload/0818-sbz-2.jpg" onload="ResizeImage(this,520)" />&nbsp;</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: 150%; text-align: center" align="center"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: 150%; text-align: center" align="center"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">图</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><font face="Times New Roman">2 </font></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">晴天阳光谷的影子照到膜结构上面</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: 150%; text-align: center" align="center">&nbsp;<img title="" alt="" src="http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/upload/0818-sbz-3.jpg" onload="ResizeImage(this,520)" /></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: 150%; text-align: center" align="center"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: 150%; text-align: center" align="center"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">图</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><font face="Times New Roman">3 </font></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">这种脊索拉出来的弧线很漂亮</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: 150%; text-align: center" align="center">&nbsp;<img title="" alt="" src="http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/upload/0818-sbz-4.jpg" onload="ResizeImage(this,520)" /></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: 150%"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: 150%; text-align: center" align="center"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">图</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><font face="Times New Roman">4 </font></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">斜拉索的地方有加强的&ldquo;补丁&rdquo;</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: 150%; text-align: center" align="center"><img title="" alt="" src="http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/upload/0818-sbz-5.jpg" onload="ResizeImage(this,520)" />&nbsp;</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: 150%"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: 150%; text-align: center" align="center"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">图</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><font face="Times New Roman">5 </font></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">不知道哪位冒失鬼把膜弄这么脏，不知道铁锈能否洗掉</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: 150%; text-align: center" align="center"><img title="" alt="" src="http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/upload/0818-sbz-6.jpg" onload="ResizeImage(this,520)" />&nbsp;</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: 150%"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: 150%; text-align: center" align="center"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">图</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><font face="Times New Roman">6 </font></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">一根与斜拉索连接的谷索有明显的折痕，这点比较难处理</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: 150%; text-align: center" align="center"><img title="" alt="" src="http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/upload/0818-sbz-7.jpg" onload="ResizeImage(this,520)" />&nbsp;</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: 150%"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: 150%; text-align: center" align="center"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">图</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><font face="Times New Roman">7 </font></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">阳光谷的清洗工作将是一个长期的工程（很担心膜结构会这么脏）</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: 150%; text-align: center" align="center"><img title="" alt="" src="http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/upload/0818-sbz-8.jpg" onload="ResizeImage(this,520)" />&nbsp;</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: 150%"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: 150%; text-align: center" align="center"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">图</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><font face="Times New Roman">8 </font></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">左边的圆筒不知道是什么东西，似乎比较碍眼</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 24pt; line-height: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">由于膜结构已经张拉完成，所以人站在平台上看到的主题是膜结构，阳光谷钢结构只能看到一部分。这么大型的膜结构，能建成本身就是一个突破。从现场看起来，膜结构的整体效果还是很不错的，只是暂时可能大部分细部工作没有完成，所以对于细部处理的工作暂时还不能给予评价。站在平台上，看着<st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" tcsc="1" numbertype="3" negative="False" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="1" unitname="公里">一公里</st1:chmetcnv>的索膜结构，那种感觉还是蛮震撼的。另外，我觉得世博轴的夜景应该比白天好看。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 24pt; line-height: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">由于今天上午天气实在太热，所以其它一些场馆就没有拍很多照片，这里就不贴出来了。整个世博园区实在是很大，江边绿化也很不错。希望明年能有机会再去参观。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 24pt; line-height: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">从世博现场回来后我一直在想一个问题：各国的场馆应该鼓励他们自己设计、加工，至少建筑设计、施工中的核心技术应该让他们各国自己来实施。这样我们可以看到各国在建筑设计、机械加工、施工方法与管理等领域的先进技术，对我国科技的发展也是一次有利的促进作用。像现在这样，各国场馆的施工图设计、加工、施工都是由中国人承担的，表面上看我们设计院与施工单位从老外手里赚了一笔，但是这点钱只是一时的利益，没有达到一次世博会所应该发挥的效果。当然啦，这种想法在操作上可能不大现实。我只是想怎么能将世博会给我们带来的利益最大化而已！</span></p>]]></description><category>结构之窗</category><comments>http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/post/40.html#comment</comments><wfw:comment>http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/</wfw:comment><wfw:commentRss>http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/feed.asp?cmt=40</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://www.jiegoufenxi.com/cmd.asp?act=tb&amp;id=40&amp;key=496360c9</trackback:ping></item></channel></rss>
